Scylla Types¶

Introduction¶

This tool allows you to examine raw values obtained from SStables, logs, coredumps, etc., by performing operations on them, such as deserialize, compare, or validate. See Supported Operations for details.

Run scylla types --help for additional information about the tool and the operations.

Usage¶

The command syntax is as follows:

scylla types <operation> [options] <hex_value1> [hex_value2]

• Provide the values in the hex form without a leading 0x prefix.

• You must specify the type of the provided values. See Specifying the Value Type.

• The number of provided values depends on the operation. See Supported Operations for details.

• The scylla types operations come with additional options. See Additional Options for the list of options.

Specifying the Value Type¶

You must specify the type of the value(s) you want to examine by adding the -t [type name] option to the operation. Specify the type by providing its Cassandra class name (the prefix can be omitted, for example, you can provide Int32Type instead of org.apache.cassandra.db.marshal.Int32Type). See CQL3 Type Mapping for a mapping of cql3 types to Cassandra type class names.

If you provide more than one value, all of the values must share the same type. For example:

scylla types deserialize -t Int32Type b34b62d4 00783562

Compounds

A compound is a single value that is composed of multiple values of possibly different types. An example of a compound value is a clustering key or a partition key.

You can use the --prefix-compound or --full-compound options to indicate that the provided value is a compound (see Additional Options) for details.

When a value is a compound, you can specify a different type for each value making up the compound, respectively (i.e., the order of the types on the command line must be the same as the order in the compound). For example:

scylla types deserialize --prefix-compound -t TimeUUIDType -t Int32Type 0010d00819896f6b11ea00000000001c571b000400000010

Supported Operations¶

• serialize - Serialize the value and prints it in a hex encoded form. Required arguments: 1 value in human-readable form. To avoid problems around special symbols, separate values with -- from the rest of the arguments.

• deserialize - Deserializes and prints the provided value in a human-readable form. Required arguments: 1 or more serialized values.

• compare - Compares two values and prints the result. Required arguments: 2 serialized values.

• validate - Verifies if the value is valid for the type, according to the requirements of the type. Required arguments: 1 or more serialized values.

• tokenof - Calculates the token of the partition key (i.e. decorates it). Required arguments: 1 or more serialized values. Only accepts partition keys (--full-compound).

• shardof - Calculates the token of the partition key and the shard it belongs to, given the provided shard configuration (--shards and --ignore-msb-bits). In most cases, only --shards has to be provided unless you have a non-standard configuration. Required arguments: 1 or more serialized values. Only accepts partition keys (--full-compound).

You can learn more about each operation by invoking its help:

scylla types $OPERATION --help

Additional Options¶

You can run scylla types [operation] --help for additional information on a given operation.

• -h ( or --help) - Prints the help message.

• --help-seastar - Prints the help message about the Seastar options.

• --help-loggers - Prints a list of logger names.

• -t ( or --type) - Specifies the type of the provided value. See Specifying the Value Type.

• --prefix-compound - Indicates that the value is a prefixable compound (e.g., clustering key) composed of multiple values of possibly different types.

• --full-compound - Indicates that the value is a full compound (e.g., partition key) composed of multiple values of possibly different types.

• --value arg - Specifies the value to process (if not provided as a positional argument).

Examples¶

• Serializing a value of type Int32Type:

  scylla types serialize -t Int32Type -- -1286905132
  

  Output:

   b34b62d4
  

• Serializing a clustering-key (--prefix-compound):

  scylla types serialize --prefix-compound -t TimeUUIDType -t Int32Type -- d0081989-6f6b-11ea-0000-0000001c571b 16
  

  Output:

   0010d00819896f6b11ea00000000001c571b000400000010
  

• Serializing a partition-key (--full-compound):

  scylla types serialize --prefix-compound -t TimeUUIDType -t Int32Type -- d0081989-6f6b-11ea-0000-0000001c571b
  

  Output:

   0010d00819896f6b11ea00000000001c571b
  

• Deserializing and printing a value of type Int32Type:

  scylla types deserialize -t Int32Type b34b62d4
  

  Output:

  -1286905132
  

• Validating a value of type Int32Type:

  scylla types validate -t Int32Type b34b62d4
  

  Output:

  b34b62d4: VALID - -1286905132
  

• Comparing two values of ReversedType(TimeUUIDType):

  scylla types compare -t 'ReversedType(TimeUUIDType)' b34b62d46a8d11ea0000005000237906 d00819896f6b11ea00000000001c571b
  

  Output:

  b34b62d4-6a8d-11ea-0000-005000237906 > d0081989-6f6b-11ea-0000-0000001c571b
  

• Deserializing and printing a compound value:

  scylla types deserialize --prefix-compound -t TimeUUIDType -t Int32Type 0010d00819896f6b11ea00000000001c571b000400000010
  

  Output:

  (d0081989-6f6b-11ea-0000-0000001c571b, 16)
  

• Calculating the token of a partition key:

  scylla types tokenof --full-compound -t UTF8Type -t SimpleDateType -t UUIDType 000d66696c655f696e7374616e63650004800049190010c61a3321045941c38e5675255feb0196
  

  Output:

   (file_instance, 2021-03-27, c61a3321-0459-41c3-8e56-75255feb0196): -5043005771368701888
  

• Calculating the owner shard of a partition key:

  scylla types shardof --full-compound -t UTF8Type -t SimpleDateType -t UUIDType --shards=7 000d66696c655f696e7374616e63650004800049190010c61a3321045941c38e5675255feb0196
  

  Output:

   (file_instance, 2021-03-27, c61a3321-0459-41c3-8e56-75255feb0196): token: -5043005771368701888, shard: 1